BIODIVERSITY INDONESIA

BIODIVERSITY

BIODIVERSITY INDONESIA

Indonesia is located in tropical areas that have high biodiversity compared with temperate regions (temperate climate) and polar (polar climate). The high biodiversity in Indonesia is visible from a wide variety of ecosystems that exist in Indonesia, such as: coastal ecosystems, mangrove ecosystems, grassland ecosystems, tropical rain forest ecosystems, freshwater ecosystems, ecosystem sea water, ecosystems savannah, and others. Each ecosystem has its own biodiversity.

Indonesia is one of three countries that have high biodiversity. Two other countries are Brazil and Zaire. But compared to Brazil and Zaire, Indonesia has its own uniqueness. Its uniqueness is in addition to having a high biodiversity, Indonesia has vast areas Indomalaya type, also the type of Oriental, Australia, and transition. Besides in Indonesia there are many rare animals and plants, and animals and plants endemic (restricted range).

Forests in Indonesia is a tropical rain forest biome or wet forests, characterized by a dense canopy and lots of liana plants (plants that climb), such as rattan. Indonesia typical plants such as durian (Durio zibetinus), Mango (Mangifera indica), and breadfruit (Artocarpus sp) in Indonesia spread in Sumatra, Borneo, Java and Sulawesi.Sebagai country that has flora malesiana whether in Malaysia and the Philippines also have plant species such as which is owned by Indonesia? Yes, in Malaysia and the Philippines also are plant durian, mango and breadfruit. In Sumatra, Borneo, and Java Rafflesia are endemic plants. This plant grows on the roots or stems of plants climbers kind of wild grapes, namely Tetrastigma.

Plants (flora) in Indonesia is part of the Indo-Malaya plant geography. Indo-Malayan flora includes plants that live in India, Vietnam, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, and the Philippines. Flora that grows in Malaysia, Indonesia, and the Philippines are often referred to as the flora malesiana. Forests in the area flora malesiana has approximately 248,000 species of higher plants, dominated by trees of familia Dipterocarpaceae, namely trees that produce winged seeds. Dipterocarpaceae is the highest plant and form a forest canopy. Plants belonging Dipterocarpaceae example Keruing (Dipterocarpus sp), Meranti (Shorea sp), Wood rakes (Gonystylus bancanus), and Wood lime (Drybalanops aromatica).

How to eastern Indonesia? What kind of tumbuhannya same? Eastern Indonesia, forest type is somewhat different. Starting from Sulawesi to Irian Jaya (Papua) are non-dipterocarp forest. This forest has trees being, including banyan (Ficus sp), and matoa (Pometia pinnata). Matoa tree is a plant endemic to Irian.

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